Baroque Period - terms from 11/13/12.

Common Practice Period 1600-1900
Baroque (1600-1750) - birth of opera. Very dramatic period. Extreme contrasts. [romantic]

Suite - a group of dances, usually all are in binary form (AABB)
Movement - a part of a work, sounds complete in itself with a beginning middle and end. Think of it like a chapter in a book
Sona- having to do with instruments
Program music - music that has an extra-musical idea to go along with it. It might be a story, an idea, a picture, or a text.
Absolute music - music that has NO extra-musical idea to go along with it. It is music for its own sake, with the composer giving you NO hint as to what it might be depicting.
You may listen to any piece as if it is a work of absolute music (we did this in class the first time you heard "Spring", as I hadn't told you the birds and thunderstorm).
You may also create your own "program" to a work of absolute music if it helps you to follow along. Create a story for a piece of music, explain how the story changes as the music builds or fades, etc.
Program pieces are usually given a subtitle to hint that they are about something (Concerto in E major, Op. 8, No. 1, RV269, "Spring" from The Four Seasons)
Absolute pieces usually have no subtitles that might mean anything. Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Op. 67. This doesn't sound like it's about anything.


Bourree by J.S. Bach
AABB Binary form. The B section is much longer than the A section. The A section is 8-bars, made up of 2 4-bar phrases. The B section is much longer, but still laid out in groups of 4 bars.

The same chord progression can be used to write many songs.

Sammartini: Symphony in F Major (the Ugly Duckling piece)

YouTube Video of Sammartini: Symphony in F Major
* AABABA form
* A starts in home key and ends in "wrong" key.
* B starts in "wrong" key and has to work its way back to home key. It's easier to get into the wrong key than it is to get back to the home key.
* Baroque characteristics: contains harpsichord and basso continuo; driving rhythm; based on dance form (Binary form of AABB)
* Classical characteristics: crescendo / decrescendo; more changes of melody and rhythm, homophonic texture, big "this is the end" type cadences; a preliminary example of Sonata Allegro Form...

Mozart Symphony No. 40
*Sonata Allegro Form. After the "Ugly Duckling" period is over, this is the mature product of where the Rococo period started.


Names:
J.S. Bach (Baroque Period 1600-1750)
Sammartini (Rococo Period aka "Ugly Duckling Period" 1725-1775)
W.A. Mozart (Classical Period 1750-1825)


Musical examples:
Handel Messiah (Hallelujah Chorus)
Bach Bourree
Vivaldi "Spring" Concerto